Wroclaw University Library

ILLUSTRATIONS . . 9
CONTRIBUTORS . . 15
INTRODUCTION . . 19

I. FAITH AND FANTASY IN WRITTEN TEXTS AND RELIGIOUS PRACTICES
1 Transformative Imagery in Dante: Inferno XXV and Purgatorio XXV . . 29
2 Le Miroir de I'ame pecheresse, poesie spirituelle et rhetorique. Exemplum et imaginaire: moteurs de cheminement de foi . . 43
3 Faith, Power, and the Imagined Christian Community: A Dialogue Between Erasmus and Tyndale . . 57
4 Imagination as Exegesis in the Apocalypsis nova Attributed to Blessed Amadeus da Silva . . 71
5 The Imaginative Creation of a Builder Patron Saint: The Venetian 'Rediscovery' of Magnus . . 85
6 The Intercession of Polish Saints in Old Polish Sermons of the First Half of the Seventeenth Century . . 111
7 Friulian Incantations From Inquisition Trials of the Seventeenth Century . . 123
8 Talking to the Devil in the Early Modern Popular Imagination . . 135
9 La Cloture dans le Monde: Enclosure and the Religious Imagination in Histoire de I'ordre des Religieuses Filles de Notre-Dame . . 147
10 An Italian Jesuit in Canada: Faith and Imagination in Bressani's Breve Relatione of 1653 . . 161

II. FAITH AND FANTASY IN ART
11 Faith and Vision in Leon Battista Alberti and Nicholas Cusanus: Reality and Rhetoric in Sacred Space . . 173
12 Sainte Anne en Immaculee Conception dans un vitrail de 1'Arbre de Jesse (Apt,Vaucluse): L'invention d'une image, 1501 . . 191
13 Faith, Paragone, and Commemoration in Durer's 'Christomorphic' Self-Portrait of 1500 . . 209
14 Rembrandt's Ten Commandments: Pluralism and the Religious Imagination . . 229
15 The Column of Predestination: Some Remarks on Invention in Protestant Reformed Imagery . . 247
16 Hugo van der Goes's Portinari Altarpiece and the Heart of Devotion . . 269
17 The Jerusalem Temple: Rembrandt's Faith and Fantasy . . 291
18 Preservation as Transcendent Vision: Antonio Duca and Santa Maria degli Angeli . . 315
19 "The Difference of Our Spirit": Michael Radford Reconfigures Jewish-Christian Encounters in his Film of Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice . . 331

INDEX . . 347

Editor's Foreword . . vii
Acronyms and Abbreviations . . ix
Chronology . . xi
Introduction . . xxxiii

The Dictionary . . 1

Bibliography . . 325
About the Author . . 431

Illustrations . . vii
Preface . . xi
Acknowledgements . . xvii
DVD Acknowledgements . . xviii

1 First Day: Acting Therapy - The Voice and the Life - The beginnings . . 1
2 Second Day: Techniques - 'Sing your Life'- Teachers and masters - Grotowski and the company . . 11
3 Third Day: Paratheatre — The Organic Life and the Process — Ryszard Cieślak . . 29
4 Fourth Day: Meeting with the unknown — Montage . . 38
5 Fifth Day: The 'Body Alphabet' . . 35
6 Images of the 'Body Alphabet' . . 66
7 Sixth Day: The text - Organic and cultural differences - Voice as a vehicle . . 93
8 Seventh Day: The attention - Necessity, Organic Process, nostalgia . . 109
9 Eighth Day: The productions — Meeting Grotowski - The Teatr Laboratorium . . 121
10 Ninth Day: Colleagues and collaborators . . 146

Appendix: Grotowski, Theatre and Beyond From Stanislavski to Grotowski - The Theatre of Productions (1959-69) - Paratheatre (1970-78) - Theatre of Sources (1979-82) and after . . 157

Photographs . . 167
Notes . . 188

Introduzione . . 5

Capitolo Primo - Una introduzione al pensiero di Fiatone . . 7
1. L'inizio della riflessione sul pensiero platonico. Il Filebo . . 7
2. L' «essere-così-e-così» (So-und-so-sein) dei logoi . . 12
Note al capitolo primo . . 25

Capitolo Secondo - Conoscenza e ontologia nella teoria delle idee . . 43
1. La teoria delle idee . . 43
2. Essere ed eidos. La methexis . . 48
Note al capitolo secondo . . 54

Capitolo Terzo - Logos, Idea, Pseudos. 11 problema della comprensione . . 67
1. Logos come relazione . . 67
2. Eidos e Idea (conoscenza e comprensione) . . 69
2.1 Logos e psuché . . 74
3. La potenza del nulla. Pseudos . . 75
3.1 La nullità del nulla, Oltre Heidegger . . 81
Note al capitolo terzo . . 84

Capitolo Quarto - Nei pressi del Bene . . 93
1. Verso il Bene. La filosofia pratica di Fiatone. Il Filebo . . 93
a. Proporzione. Summetria . . 99
b. Verità. Aletheia . . 101
c. Bellezza. Kallos . . 106
Note al capitolo quarto . . 112

Capitolo Quinto - L'Idea del Bene. I principi nella metamatematica platonica . . 123
1. L'idea del divino, l'Idea del Bene . . 123
2. Metafìsica e metamatematica. Fiatone e Aristotele . . 130
3. La fìsica e la metamatematica di Platone . . 140
4. Agrapha dogmata. I principi platonici . . 150
Note al capitolo quinto . . 159

Capitolo Sesto - Metacritica . . 181
1. L'apporto di Heidegger alle interpretazioni platoniche di Gadamer . . 181
2. Gadamer e la "nuova interpretazione di Platone', il «sistema» platonico . . 188
3. Le recenti interpretazioni del Platone di Gadamer, un tentativo di risposta alle accuse di ambiguità . . 194
Note al capitolo sesto . . 202

Bibliografìa . . 211

PREFACE . . 8

The Grand Duchy of Finland . . 10

BIRTH IN A POSITIVE MOOD . . 10
Short war and long peace at Porvoo in 1809 . . 12
Administrative institutions are established . . 14
Finland's financial system finds form in Porvoo . . 18
European finances under reform in the push of Enlightenment . . 20
Porvoo in a European intellectual context . . 24
Traditions from Sweden . . 25
Finland's first heads of finance and leading civil servants . . 29  
The machinery . . 32
The machinery at work . . 35
The budgeting and accounting system . . 38

NICHOLAS I STALLS THE REFORMS . . 40
Leading personnel and administrative structures . . 42
Financial system and taxation . . 46

ALEXANDER II OPENS WINDOWS TO REFORMS . . 40
Economic development and economic policies . . 51
Political leadership of finances . . 55
Monetary reforms . . 56
Budgetary reforms . . 58
Reforms in financial administration . . 65

POLITICAL REACTION AND ECONOMIC VITALITY . . 68
Political backlash . . 71
Liberal economic reforms continue . . 72
New winds in nominations . . 74
Minor reforms in budgeting and taxation . . 76
Finance and economic policies are separated into different departments . . 80

FINANCES IN STATE-BUILDING AND NATION-BUILDING . . 83

Independent Finland . . 89

EARLY YEARS OF INDEPENDENCE 1917-1939 . . 89
Independence, suddenly . . 92
Principles of governance are defined . . 95
Economy recovers amid political crisis and international economic depressions . . 99
Brevity and turbulence in political leadership . . 103
Money and monetary policy dominates the economy and economic policies . . 106
Planning boards and committees . . 108
Incremental reforms in the financial management system . . 110
Structure and functions of the Ministry . . 114

NEW START DURING THE WAR . . 116
Centralization of power . . 118
Controlled war economy . . 122
Economic planning, a new task for the Ministry of Finance . . 124
More control to budgetary appropriations . . 128
Need for rationalization of administration . . 130
Structural reform of the Ministry . . 131

GROWING EMPHASIS ON ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL MATTERS . . 133
Politics takes a left turn . . 136
Short-lived governments and political turmoil . . 138
Discontinuity in the political leadership of the Ministry . . 140
From rationing to regulation of the economy and towards ever deeper economic integration . . 141
Towards rational economic policies and planning . . 146
Post-war economic planning . . 148
Control of expenditure dominates budgetary policies and reforms . . 153
From rationalization towards administrative modernization . . 160
Slow reforms inside the Ministry of Finance . . 163
 Top management 163
 Personnel . . 165
A way towards a general coordinator of the government . . 166

General Coordinator of the Public Sector . . 168

Towards stable political leadership . . 171
Firm management team at the top . . 176
Growth-oriented economic policies . . 178
Birth of a new welfare state . . 181
Planning becomes the magic word . . 185
Reforming the financial management system . . 187
 Annual budgeting . . 188
 Medium-term planning . . 189
 ex ante finance control . . 190
From rationalization to steering of administrative modernization . . 191
 Personnel policies . . 194
Reforming the Ministry to support its growing responsibilities . . 195

From Management of Depression to National European Economic Policy Coordination . . 197
Continuity in governments in spite of changing political constellations . . 199
Minister of Finance becomes Number Two in the Government . . 200
From closed economy to open markets and market liberalization . . 205
The 1980s and new economic doctrines . . 206
Profound financial management reforms . . 213
 Reforms start from constitution and legislation... . . 214
 ...continue in annual budgeting and medium-term frame budgeting... . . 214
 ...adaptation of performance management... . . 217
 ...use of market mechanisms... . . 218
 ...and reforms in the system of local government financing . . 220
From traditional public administration to new public management . . 221
 Personnel policies . . 224
Internal structural turmoil in the Ministry of Finance . . 225

The Many Roles of the Ministry . . 229

Notes . . 234
Bibliography . . 240
Index . . 249
Appendix 1. Heads of the Departments . . 252
Appendix 2. Ministers of Finance . . 254
Illustrations . . 262

PREFACE . . 9
INTRODUCTION BY THE EDITOR . . 13
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF THE ENCYCLOPAEDIA . . 15

THE SELKUP PEOPLE . . 19
Dialects of the Selkup Language . . 19
The Southern (Narym) Selkups . . 20
The Northern (Taz-Turukhan) Selkups . . 27

THE LITERATURE AND THE SOURCES OF SELKUP MYTHOLOGY AND FOLKLORE . . 38
The History of Collection and Research . . 38
  The History of the Study of Southern Selkup Folklore . . 38
  The History of the Collection of Northern Selkup Folklore and Mythology . . 43
  The Foreign Publication of Selkup Folklore Material . . 48
The Genre Classification of Selkup Texts . . 50

THE TRADITIONAL WORLD-VIEW AND RELIGIOUS AND MYTHOLOGICAL NOTIONS . . 54
The Southern Selkups . . 54
  Cosmogonic Myths . . 54
  Myths about the Creation of the World . . 55
  Anthropogenic and Ethnogonic Myths . . 56
  The Structure of the Universe . . 58
  Notions of the Soul . . 62
  Shamanism . . 65
The Northern Selkups . . 68
  Myths about the Origin of the World . . 69
  Anthropogenic Myths . . 72
  Ethnogonic Myths . . 73
  Mythological Notions about Animals . . 74
  Myths about the Origin of Vegetation and Geographical Objects . . 77
  The Modern Attitude of the Selkups to the Traditional Beliefs . . 78

ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF SELKUP MYTHOLOGY A-Z . . 83

APPENDIX 1
Southern Selkup Texts . . 269
Northern Selkup Texts . . 272

APPENDIX 2
The Archive of L. A. Varkovitskaya . . 277

ABBREVIATIONS . . 281
REFERENCES . . 283
INDEX . . 293
Selkup-English Glossary and Index . . 293
English-Selkup Glossary and Index . . 306
Siberian Dialect and Other Russian Terms . . 320

Prefazione . . XI
Introduzione . . XV
Abbreviazioni delle opere di Rosmini . . XXIII

PARTE PRIMA: Rosmini: l'antropologia dell'essere morale tra sapere filosofìco e sapere teologico

I. Status quaestionis: la quarta fase. Teologia, metafisica, ontologia, fenomenologia ed ermeneutica . . 3
1. L'antropologia di Rosmini: il punto di vista della quarta fase . . 4
1.1. Elementi teologico-filosofici per decifrare in modo ermeneuticamente compiutO l'antropologia rosminiana . . 15
1.2. L'idea dell'essere: tra ontologia e gnoseologia . . 17
2. Il «Trattato della coscienza morale» . . 19
2.1. L'affezione e il giudizio della coscienza . . 24
2.2. La nostra prospettiva ermeneutica e l'originalità della coscienza in Rosmini: giudizio speculativo di un giudizio pratico . . 29
3. La «Teosofia» . . 40
3.1. Approccio alla «Teosofia»: l'essere reale . . 43
3.2. L'affezione, l'atto del giudizio e l'inoggettivazione . . 47
Tavola sinottica 1 . . 51
Tavola sinottica 2 . . 52
Tavola sinottica 3 . . 54

II Ricostruzione e rielaborazione del percorso rosminiano . . 55
1. Filosofia e pedagogia: rapporto originario co-implicante la genesi di un'epistemologia implicita del nesso tra scienze umane e filosoh'co-teologiche . . 61
1.1. L'organicità del sintesismo nel sapere enciclopedico . . 65
2. Coscienza ed essere morale: accostamenti inediti . . 82
2.1. La soggettività tra assolutezza dell'origine e compimento della destinazione: legge, fecondità dell'insessione, generazione e libertà . . 97
3. Elementi teologicofilosofici di una metafisica dell'affezione . . 110
3.1. Il sentimento fondamentale e l'inoggettivazione: il 'sintesismo nel sintesismo' (Schelling e Rosmini) . . 113

III. Il punto d'incontro tra la rivelazione e la libertà nell'opera di Rosmini . . 133
1. Il giudizio . . 134
2. Agape: esteriorità e sensibilità del soggetto relazione . . 144

PARTE SECONDA: Rosmini e la postmodernità

IV. Con Rosmini oltre i sentieri interrotti e ripresi della modernità . . 155
1. Postmodernità: fine o ri-de-finizione del soggetto? . . 157
1.1. Per un'ermeneutica dell'etica come ontologia in Lévinas: invocazione implicita dell'essere morale? . . 175
1.2. L'istanza etico-estetico-simbolica dopo la fine del soggetto moderno e l'unità del sapere in Rosmini . . 184
2. Rosrnini e la postmodernità: prospettiva ermeneutica . . 188
2.1. L'esteriorità della coscienza, l'etica dell'incontrovertibile e l'essere morale . . 210

V. Struttura salvifica della rivelazione. Il non colpevole vuoto antropologico e la dinamica della redenzione . . 221
1. Inoggettivazione e affidamento: la sensibilità della rivelazione . . 225
1.1. Un possibile approfondimento del magistero e sua risulttante risonanza . . 225
1.2. Intercettazione, decifrazione e possibile orientamento della postmodernità . . 231
2. Colpa, peccato e libertà . . 235
2.1. L'affezione e il pensare dell'ingiunzione/ obbedinza tra ontologia e grazia . . 240
Tavola sinottica 4 . . 251
Tavola sinottica 5 . . 252

VI. Coscienza e struttura originaria. Libertà della rivelazione e verità degli affetti . . 255
1. Sentimento fondamentale ed etica teologica della verità . . 259
1.1. Coscienza morale ed etica dell'alterila . . 265
1.2. Coscienza morale ed ermeneutica dialogica . . 274
1.3. Coscienza morale e modello trascendentale del compimento del senso . . 277
2. Metafisica dell'affezione in Rosmini e svolta affettiva per la metafisica . . 280
2.1. Essere morale e teoria della coscienza credente: un confronto da svolgere . . 284
2.2. Elementi per illustrare la pertinenza della questione e per la sua istruzione . . 292
3. La «Teosofìa» come oltrepassamento del duplice modello storico della correlazione . . 294
3.1. Teosofia, inoggettivazione e correlazione (dialettica e come conciliazione) . . 295
3.2. Teosofia, fenomenologia e metafisica . . 301
3.3. Rosmini oltre i limiti dell'idealismo trascendentale e della riduzione eidetica . . 306

Conclusioni . . 317
Postfazione . . 323
Bibliografia . . 327
Indice dei nomi . . 369

Acknowledgements . . 7
Introduction: The Formation of the Finnish Type of Consumer Society between the East and the West, the!950s and 1960s . . 10

PART I. THE MAKING OF THE FRUGAL CONSUMER
The Finnish Consumer Mentality and Ethos: At the Intersection between East and West . . 42
A Country of Decent Consumers: The Role of Alcohol in Everyday Finnish Life in the 1950s . . 88
Imagining Economy. Finlandia Newsreels Building up shared Imagery in the 1950s and early 1960s . . 104
Anglo-American Pop Music, Finnish Tango, and the Controversial Images of Modernity in Finland in the 1960s . . 124

PART II. CONSUMPTION AS SPECTACLE: AGE OF THE TELEVISION, AFFLUENCE AND MEDIATISATION OF CONSUMER SOCIETY
Television Creating Finnish Consumer Mentality in the 1960s . . 154
The Legalizing of Roulette and Changes in Finnish Consumer Culture in the 1960s and 1970s . . 180
Accidental Traders - Finnish Tourists in the Soviet Union in THE 1950s-1970s . . 206
From Background to Foreground: Music Products for Production and Consumption Spaces. . 230

Afterword
Summerhouses and Saunas, Parks and Libraries - Places of Private and Public Consumption in Finland . . 254
List of conrributors . . 260