Foreword . . ix
Acknowledgments . . xiii 
Equivalents and Abbreviations . . xvii 

Introduction . . 3 
1 Life at the Periphery of the Chinese Party-State An Introduction . . 41 
2 Nature Reserves and Reforestation The Impacts of Conservation Programs upon Livelihoods . . 71 
3 All Is Not as It Appears Education Reform . . 110
4 Migration from the Margins Increasing Outward Migration for Work . . 159 
Conclusion . . 185 

Notes . . 191 
Glossary of Chinese Terms . . 201 
Bibliography . . 207 
Index . . 223