Preface . . ix
List of abbreviations . . xi
Table of cases . . xiv
Table of legislation . . xxiii

Introduction and methodology  . . 1
1. Identification of the criterion determining adequate database protection . . 9

PART I THE PROTECTION OF DATABASES IN THE EUROPEAN UNION 
2. The protection of databases by the sui generis right . . 43
3. The protection of databases by unfair competition in Europe . . 150
4. The protection of databases by contract in Europe . . 174
5. The protection of databases by technological measures and anticircumvention provisions in Europe . . 191

PART II THE UNITED STATES 
6. The protection of databases by unfair competition in the United States . . 225
7. The protection of databases by contract in the United States . . 234
8. The protection of databases by technological measures and anticircumvention provisions in the United States . . 238

PART III PROPOSAL FOR AN ADEQUATE DATABASE PROTECTION 
9. Intellectual property, unfair competition or restitution? . . 249
10. Remedies for over- and under-protection and proposed database protection model . . 271

Conclusion and outlook . . 300
Bibliography . . 303
Annex . . 330
Index . . 349